Field · 33 posts

Complexity & Simulation

Many parts, emergent wholes. Below, everything that touches this field, including pieces that live mostly in neighboring territory.

The collection

All of Complexity & Simulation

Complexity & Simulation

Da Vinci, Fukushima, the aerial screw and the neocognitron

I saw a post by @juergen schmidhuber recently ( that gave me pause. About convolutional neural networks and the neocognitron, a 17-80 neural network architecture by the Japanese scientist Kunihiko Fukushima (…

3 min · Complexity & Simulation
Complexity & Simulation

Da Vinci, Fukushima, the aerial screw and the neocognitron

I saw a post by Jürgen Schmidhuber recently (all links in comments) that gave me pause . About convolutional neural networks and the neocognitron, a 17-80 neural network architecture by the Japanese scientist…

2 min · Complexity & Simulation
Complexity & Simulation

Olfaction

I love this introduction to scent design by Taylor Rayne at Asimov Press (Scent, in silico, and the role that machine learning and genAI is playing in the field's recent advances: Google DeepMind's Principal…

2 min · Complexity & Simulation
Complexity & Simulation

Alexis I

Alexis de Tocqueville popped up on my LinkedIn feed today and it is amazing how fresh and relevant he is, almost 200 years after writing Democracy in America. One of the most shockingly modern concepts you can…

1 min · Complexity & Simulation
Complexity & Simulation

Luck and skill 2

More on luck and skill, by way of Michael Mauboussin. I would urge anyone interested in this to visit Michael Mauboussin's book website ( for The Success Equation and play with the simulations. In particular,…

1 min · Complexity & Simulation
Complexity & Simulation

Ants and robots

There is a fantastic paper that just came out in PNAS, "Comparing cooperative geometric puzzle solving in ants versus humans" (open access!! You may have seen videos in your recent LinkedIn feed comparing a…

1 min · Complexity & Simulation
Artificial Intelligence

Cognitive Biases as Sampling Limitations

Understanding Cognitive Biases Through a Sampling Limitations Framework: A Comprehensive Review and Theoretical Integration Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical framework that…

34 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Cognitive One-Way Functions

A one-way function is a fundamental concept in cryptography that's relatively easy to compute in one direction but extremely difficult to reverse. Let me explain with an example: Think of mixing paint colors -…

26 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Recall vs Recognition

Here’s a clear comparison between recall and recognition, showing their differences in task demands and neuro-cognitive mechanisms. 1. Example Tasks Type Example Task Cognitive Demand --- --- --- Free Recall…

18 min · Artificial Intelligence
Senses & Perception

The Expanded Human Senses

When people say “the five senses,” they usually mean vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. But our bodies actually gather information from the world—and from within ourselves—in many other ways. Below is a…

18 min · Senses & Perception
Open-Endedness

Open-Endedness: From Computational Mechanisms to Existential Implications

Open-endedness represents perhaps the most profound challenge in computational science: how do systems transcend their initial constraints to generate genuinely novel, complex, and meaningful structures? This…

14 min · Open-Endedness
Open-Endedness

Pask's Electrochemical Pioneers: Self-Organization and Open-Ended Evolution

Gordon Pask's electrochemical devices represent one of the most remarkable achievements in cybernetics and early artificial life research. Between the 150s and 160s, Pask constructed genuinely self-organizing…

8 min · Open-Endedness
Biology

Ultra-Processed Obesity

A timely review article about “The role of Ultra Processed Foods (UPF) in obesity” (by a team from the University of Sao Paulo and NYU) summarizes a lot of evidence that sounds obvious e.g., diets “high in UPF…

7 min · Biology
Open-Endedness

Gordon Pask's Evolved Ear and the Grounding Problem

Gordon Pask's electrochemical devices from the 150s and 160s are entirely unique in AI history because they challenged conventional computational orthodoxy by demonstrating that complex intelligence,…

6 min · Open-Endedness
Artificial Intelligence

Evolution is Accelerating

As a 30-year groupie of evolutionary computation, I am particularly sensitive to this trend: evolutionary AI is on the rise. The latest case in point, of course is @google deepmind’s AlphaEvolve, which uses…

5 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Don’t Judge an Article by Its Title

I was heartbroken when Harvard Business Review editors decided to title my 2003 article “Don’t Trust Your Gut” ( certainly a buzzier catchphrase than “How To Leverage Your Intuition With Analytics” or other…

4 min · Artificial Intelligence
Open-Endedness

The Future Belongs to Curators

Based on the handwritten notes in the image, the text is organized into a large mind map titled "The Future Belongs to Curators". Here is a detailed extraction of all the notes, grouped by their apparent…

4 min · Open-Endedness
Evolution & Life

The 20/80 Rule of Exploration: Bees, Ants, and Scouts

One caveat up front that matters for reading the table: "scout fraction" is not measured the same way across studies — some report a dedicated scout caste, others a trail-lapse rate (foragers that ignore an…

4 min · Evolution & Life
Artificial Intelligence

Personal utopia vs. Immanentizing the eschaton

My mind was a little bit prepared this time. I love how Ethan Mollick shares his thoughts. And I love Bruce Sterling (the Sci Fi author who asked me a question about heuristocrats at etech 2006, a proud…

3 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Complexity Science

In a stimulating post (link in the comments), @bloomberg beta’s @roy bahat highlighted a fascinating 2017 (yes, 8 years ago!) study from this dense urban center that is @the university of Illinois…

3 min · Artificial Intelligence
Biology

It's like saying that everything in the Mona Lisa depends on the paint.

That's my favorite quote from Derek Lowe's Science opinion, "The End of Disease". And Derek was kind enough to collect links to all his AI-based drug discovery opinions from the past few years, a treasure…

2 min · Biology
Biology

Social networks and microbiome sharing

An article (Open Access! by a team led by Nicholas Christakis at Yale University reports studies of microbiome compositions from 18 isolated villages in Honduras and how they correlate with social interactions…

2 min · Biology
Biology

A More Robust Measure of Gut Imbalance?

An intriguing article ("Imbalance in gut microbial interactions as a marker of health and disease", Roberto Corral López, Juan Bonachela, Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello, Michael Manhart, Simon Levin, Martin…

2 min · Biology
Artificial Intelligence

Bernard Pivot left a lasting impression on me for a somewhat forgotten project

A beloved French TV personality, Bernard Pivot passed away two weeks ago at 8. His literary shows, including his flagships "Apostrophes" and "Bouillon de Culture", were cultural gems, which inspired James…

2 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Generative exaggeration

As we're witnessing generative exaggeration in humans on social media discussing LLM social agents (or artificial social crustaceans as David Ha would put it), a timely article by Walter Quattrociocchi and…

1 min · Artificial Intelligence
Biology

Eukaryotic phase transition?

I just came across this fascinating PNAS article by Enrique Muro, Fernando Ballesteros, Bartolo Luque Serrano and Jordi Bascompte, "The emergence of eukaryotes as an evolutionary algorithmic phase transition"…

1 min · Biology
Biology

1 billion biochemical reactions occur every second in every cell of our bodies

A great Quanta Magazine article by Gabriel Popkin focuses on how "crowded" and active cells are: "the packing of molecules into tiny spaces is emerging as a fundamental way that cells have evolved to harness…

1 min · Biology
Biology

How to Build the Virtual Cell with Artificial Intelligence

Now that the article is out and Open Access on Cell, I am reposting a comment I made a few months ago about a super interesting preprint, "How to Build the Virtual Cell with Artificial Intelligence: Priorities…

1 min · Biology
Artificial Intelligence

AIgent-Based Modeling

AI hashtagagents have been around for quite some time ("multi-agent systems" are one classical embodiment), but of course in 2024 hashtagLLM Agents are all the rage. With the explosion of hashtagagentic…

1 min · Artificial Intelligence
Biology

Winner-take-all molecular network

Great article with a misleading title: "A synthetic protein-level neural network in mammalian cells" (Science Magazine: free bioRxiv & medRxiv preprint: The premise that cells are (fast) information-processing…

1 min · Biology
Artificial Intelligence

Daron Acemoglu’s paper

Thank you Kes Sampanthar for your read on this paper. All the assumptions made by Daron, all the things he neglects, suggest a linear approximation whereby he applies a very short term gradient (most gains…

1 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Mikhail Belkin

An exciting article from (the always insightful) Mikhail Belkin and colleagues got its first release in Science Magazine a few days ago (paywall). A preprint version from May 2023 is available ( The main…

1 min · Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

5. Sensitivity to Parameters

Field of view (k): A moderate view size (e.g., k=5) balances environmental awareness and perceptual complexity, optimizing performance for most tasks. Group size (N): Larger groups improve tasks like Transport…

1 min · Artificial Intelligence
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